In the 1990s, Nine Inch Nails (NIN) emerged as the most popular industrial group of the time, penetrating the mainstream with 1994's The Downward Spiral and 1999's The Fragile, bringing the genre to a mass audience, and inspiring a crop of imitators. Behind the moniker and famous NIN logo was singer, producer and multi-instrumentalist Trent Reznor, who, for almost three decades, was the band's only official long-standing member. As the core figure, Reznor remained solely responsible for NIN's musical direction, even when he was supported in concert by a rotating cast of backing musicians. Unlike the majority of industrial artists, he wrote melodic, traditionally structured songs with introspective and emotive lyrics as a focal point. His pop instincts not only made the harsh electronic beats of industrial music easier to digest, but also put a human face on a style that often tried to sound as mechanical as possible. In the 2000s, he began to venture outside of the complex and perfectionist realm of NIN and started composing film scores with musical partner Atticus Ross. The pair achieved immediate success with the Oscar-winning soundtrack to David Fincher's 2010 movie, The Social Network, and continued to balance NIN and Hollywood duties into the 2020s with scores for films like Soul and Empire of Light.