Spanish Dances (First book) is the beginning of a project that aims to explore some of the sources of the rich and varied traditional Spanish music. The chosen format is taken from the Spanish composer Isaac Albeniz who, in his masterpiece Iberia, distributes the 12 pieces of the suite in four books with three pieces in each of them. In this work, all the music is original by the composer. Furthermore, the author does not intend to write authentic Spanish dances but, from the basic essence of each one of them (rhythm, tempo, melodic character, structure, etc.), to explore its possibilities through his own language and musical aesthetics. The petenera (or peteneras) is a flamenco palo with a 12-beat measure. This would relate it to other characteristic styles of this Andalusian popular music such as bulerías or alegrías. In each of the measures of the petenera, the accentuation occurs in beats 1, 4, 7, 9, and 11. This is represented in the score, generally, with a simple alternation of 6/8 and 3/4 measures. In this work, the petenera maintains the rhythmic essence, as well as the characteristic use of the Phrygian flamenco mode in the melodic lines. (Luis Serrano Alarcón)