Viktor Kalinnikov(1870–1927) was a Russian choral composer, conductor, and educator, known for his sacred choral music. The younger brother of symphonic composer Vasily Kalinnikov, he studied at the Moscow Philharmonic School and played in various orchestras before teaching at the Moscow Synodal School of Church Music. He composed twenty-four sacred choral works for the Russian Orthodox liturgy, which were well received. From 1922 to 1926, he taught at the Moscow Conservatory. Kalinnikov’s music remains an important part of the Russian choral tradition.